One-piece bridge for connecting modular units

ABSTRACT

A computer machine module with one, or several, coupling-faces thereof adapted for selective coupling to another like computer machine module, these modules to be coupled to one another by a planar coupling &#34;bridge-structure&#34; to be inserted between opposed faces of the modules, this coupling &#34;bride-structure&#34; having on each side an array of catches formed to engage an array of hooks on each coupling face when the modules are juxtaposed and when the coupling &#34;bridge-structure&#34; is inserted downwardly between the modules and shifted horizontally, with mating electrical connectors on the opposed module faces also being intercoupled by such juxtaposition.

This is a division of U.S. Ser. No. 08/004,031, filed 15 Jan. 1993, (nowU.S. Pat. No. 5,304,077), which in turn, is a division of U.S. Ser. No.07/746,456, filed 12 Nov. 1991, (now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,267,873).

This invention relates generally to arrangements for attaching outercovers to a machine structure and more specifically to techniques for sodoing with connect faces that may alternatively be used for attachmentof inter-couple means.

BACKGROUND

Small machines may be configured to be selectively, removeablyinterconnected with one another. They may also be arranged forselective, removeable attachment of a cover or "skin" on a given machineface. An object hereof is to use such a machine face arranged to beattached either to a cover or to a separate intercoupling for couplingthe machine ("box") to another like machine ("box"). Sometimes this alsoinvolves connection of a so-called backplane (motherboard), withpin-socket connectors between boxes. Each functional unit (box) istypically built around a circuit board with edge-connectors (e.g., toplug into pin-socket connectors). A number of "daughter boards" areoften connected to a common motherboard within a single box, e.g., toyield a single-box system with N sub-functional units. Expansion beyondthese N functional units would require adding circuit boards in a secondbox which is connected (e.g., via jumper cables) to the first box.

A different approach is to use a separate box for each functional unit,with a motherboard in each box, this being connected to another like boxvia complementary pin/socket edge-connectors (e.g., with intermediateboard-receiving socket connector means). A multi-box system can then beassembled by engaging the socket connectors on one box with those on asecond box (and the second to a third, etc.--as workers understand).

For a modular arrangement, the system will be configured by adding likeboxes (modules) as required, (e.g., up to a maximum set by maximum buslength). But, as the number of so-connected boxes increases,connection-problems arise. For instance, the pin/socket connectorsrequire precise registration to avoid pin damage during interengagementof boxes. And, even with good registration, the (considerable) forcerequired to manually engage/disengage such connectors can damage pins.Also, incomplete or improper connector-engagement can compromise systemperformance (e.g., and bring-down the associated data processingsystem). As workers realize, such box-connection problems can preventpresent systems from fully benefiting from the modularity of a design.

This invention relates to coupling means for removably attaching onerelatively small computer (box) to another, and involves abridge-coupling structure to be interposed between such boxes,joiningly, when they are brought face-to-face. In a preferredembodiment, the bridge-coupling structure is a thin planar structurepresenting a pair of opposed join-sides with catches arrayed thereon.The "boxes" to be so-coupled each have (at least one) coupling-facehaving hooks, or the like, each face adapted, and positioned, toremovably mate with a respective one of the catches when the couplingstructure (side) is fitted against this face. Preferably, thesebox-faces-to-be-coupled are first aligned and brought together,separated only by a tiny gap which the coupling structure bridges.

This invention modifies box structure to a minor degree and provides anassociated bridge-coupling mechanism that makes it easier, more reliableand more practical to so-couple modular boxes into an expanded computersystem. The invention facilitates a simple positiveengagement/disengagement of each box via pin/socket connectors, whilealso adapting the (outer surfaces of) box-walls to be inter-engaged viasuch a "coupling bridge".

In general, one or several box-walls each presents an array of hooks,deployed and constructed to be removably engaged by complementarycatches on the coupling bridge when the bridge is inserted between suchbox-walls. The hooks/catches are also preferably beveled to ease theirinter-engagement. The hooks are deployed widely across the length andheight of their wall-surface so that, upon engagement of the bridge, theboxes will be held together from widely-distributed points, with forcesnormal to their wall, and thus minimize sidewise forces on the connectorpins.

Thus, we provide modified box-faces and associated inter-coupling bridgestructure that facilitates quick, simple efficient interconnection ofboxes to render a modular computer system. The bridge mechanismfacilitates simple positive engagement/disengagement of the box-faces,with each box-face presenting hook members for engaging associatedcatches on (a respective side of) the bridge structure, the hooks andcatches preferably having complementarily-configured camming surfaces toease their interengagement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will beappreciated by workers as they become better understood by reference tothe following detailed description of the present preferred embodimentswhich should be considered in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference symbols denote like elements:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of two modules adapted for use in apreferred embodiment of the invention, while FIG. 2 shows the modulesattached with this embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows the same with the bridgecoupling thereof partly dislodged, FIG. 4 shows one of the modulesalone; FIG. 5 shows the same with side-cover removed; FIG. 5A shows thismodule with side-covers exploded-away, FIG. 5B shows the module furtherexploded-apart; FIG. 5C shows enlarged details of FIG. 5;

FIGS. 6A, 6B show the bridge-coupling in perspective, from the right andleft side thereof, respectively; FIGS. 6AA, 6BB are front elevations ofFIGS. 6A, 6B respectively, and FIG. 7 is a section through this bridgecoupling.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is an isometric view showing first and second computer modules(boxes) CB and SU facing one another. FIG. 2 shows them coupled. Unit CBmay, for example, house a main processor unit, while SU may house a dualfloppy disk unit, units CB, SU to be coupled into an integrated computersystem. Each box housing typically comprises an injection-molded plasticshell which encloses circuit boards and/or other components. At leastone box will usually house a motherboard (backplane) 18, anedge-connector portion ec of which appears in FIG. 1. Typically, amotherboard presents electrical connector segments along one (or both)box-faces (e.g., face CB-w) so that, when it is coupled to a relatedbox, its motherboard may be electrically connected to componentstherein. Thus, in the embodiment in FIG. 1, note that box CB presentsedge-connector ec which includes a plurality of sockets (e.g., two rowsof sixty), while associated box SU presents a related edge-connector bcincluding a corresponding plurality of pins engageable with the socketsec when the boxes are joined. It will be understood that when such boxesare interconnected, their serially-connected motherboards may typicallybe coupled to define a common backplane data bus. FIG. 3 shows CB,SUengaged as in FIG. 2, with bridge 1F partly-inserted therebetween; FIG.2, shows CB,SU as in FIG. 1, with bridge 1F placed therebetween. FIG. 4shows CB alone; FIG. 5 shows the same with side-cover removed (withdetails of hooks h and guide-rib cbr on FIG. 5C).

The present invention provides a box-coupling bridge structure 1F (FIGS.2, 3, 6) that effects engagement/disengagement of such boxes and theircooperating pin/socket connectors. Boxes CB,SU (housings thereof)present respective related coupling-faces (walls) CB-w and SU-w, eachwall presenting a spaced array of like hooks (e.g., see 3×4 array ofhooks on walls SU-w, CB-w, FIG. 1). deployed across (most of) the lengthand breadth thereof. The two opposed, coupling-faces of bridge 1F areeach configured (see FIGS. 6A, 6B, catches ic,cc) and adapted to engagea respective one of these hook-arrays with complementary catches arrayedand adapted to engage respective hooks.

Bridge 1F is preferably sinuously configured in cross-section (see FIG.7, a section along H--H through FIG. 6AA, looking up from the bottom) topresent like catch-arrays on its two faces, with one "offset" from theother; i.e., with catches on one face spaced a suitable lateral distance(see distance x, FIG. 6A, FIG. 7) from those on the other face.

To engage the two boxes, one brings them together so that electricalconnectors ec interfit with connectors bc (FIG. 1), leaving the opposedbox-walls touching (e.g., as in FIG. 7 at faces SU-f, CB-f), with their(hook-equipped) facing walls opposed and coplanar, being separated by aprescribed separation-gap s-g (e.g., FIG. 7, about 1 inch here). Thisgap s-g is to be filled ("bridged") by insertion of bridge 1F (notedetails below).

In this preferred embodiment, second module SU preferably also has a"right-wall" (not shown) but opposite left-wall SU-w in FIG. 1), whichmatches the configuration of the "right-wall" CB-w of companion box CB.Similarly, the opposite (left) wall of box CB has a hook-array matchingthat of left wall SU-w of SU (shown in FIG. 1). This allows anadditional module to be attached to either box module in the same mannerthat module CB is attached to module SU. Module CB, being a processormodule, is typically (preferably) configured for addition of anothermodule on its opposing wall (not shown in the figure).

FIG. 5 shows box CB with its 3×4 array of hooks h on wall CB-w,enlarged, and a guide-rib cbr (and see FIG. 5C).

In general, the array of hooks h deployed on wall CB-w engage respectivecomplementary catches (ic, FIG. 6B) on one side of CB-w bridge 1F, whilehooks h' on wall SU-w similarly engage catches (cc, FIG. 6A) on theother face of 1F. Connector pins bc, are disposed within an elongatecavity 33 extending along the lower edge of wall SU-w centrallythereof). Wall CB-w carries an elongate shroud surroundingconnector-sockets ec and is configured to register-within the cavity onSU-w when inserted therein. The hooks on a "right-wall" CB-w arepreferably aligned in N columns and N' rows (here 3 columns, 4 rows),the columns being regularly spaced apart a prescribed distance c-s (FIG.5) leaving intercolumn voids (slots sl) along the wall CB-w, while thehooks on (any) "left wall." (e.g., SU-w) are similarly deployed, butoffset (by X distance) laterally, being arranged to confront (any) such"right" wall face with its hook-columns positioned about midway betweenthe columns on the "right wall face".

Bridge 1F presents its catch-columns on one face so as to be similarly"offset" vs. its other face, being staggered (in "sinuous" cross sectione.g., as in FIG. 7). That is, the regularly-spaced catch-columns on oneface are stacked on a respective projecting "land " or "step" P (seeFIGS. 6A, 6B, 7) configured to fit into a respective intercolumn space(e.g., sl, FIG. 5) on an associated box-wall, while the catch columns onits opposite face are similarly disposed to fit into like respectivespaces on the other box-wall, being offset from the catch-columns on itsfirst bridge-face (by distance x, or about 1/2 distance c-s). Thisleaves a bridge that is regularly "crenelated" in cross section (FIG.7), with projecting catch-columns on one side configured to fittingbetween the hook-columns on one wall-face, and the catch-columns on itsopposite face configured to fit between the hook-columns on a different,mating wall face. Preferably, several such hook-columns are eachvertically aligned along a projecting guide-rib cbr (FIG. 5).

Hook members h are alike and U-shaped, each including a spacer portion45 extending perpendicularly from its box wall and a distal hook-flange45-F cantilevered out orthogonal from the end of its spacer 45, whilealso having a beveled camming-surface 48 spaced from and facing theexternal surface of its box wall. In the preferred embodiment, the angleof divergence of camming surface 48 (from the plane of the box wall) isabout 15 degrees.

Each bridge face thus carries like-spaced columns of wedge-like catchesic,cc with the columns on each side interleaved, each catch-column beingaligned along a respective projecting "land" P, with the set ofprojecting lands on one face offset (by x) from those on the other side.The catches are dimensioned and deployed to engage respective hooks ofthe wall they face, each preferably having a camming surface 53, (e.g.,FIG. 6AA) configured for complementary cam-engagement with a respectivecamming surface 48 on the respective hook member 30.

FIG. 4 shows a modified desktop computer controller box CB', (e.g., VSCB in FIG. 1) with side covers thereof shown exploded-away in FIG. 5A(i.e., right side-cover CB-SR' and left side-cover CB-SL'), where theright side CB-w' of unit CB' will be seen as presenting a 3×4 array oflike projecting hooks h disposed along vertical ribs cbr (FIG. 5), someof which are intended to engage like catches ic,cc (not detailed) on theinner side of right side-cover CB-SR' to allow removable attachment ofCB-SR'. A similar array of such hooks h' (not shown) is presented on theopposite (left) side of CB' and likewise adapted to engage respectivecatches c' on the inner side of associated left side-cover CB-SL'. Incertain cases, these cover catches c' need be provided for only some ofhooks h'--e.g., in FIG. 5A, only a 2×3 array is provided because thecovers are so light. Side-covers CB-SR', CB-SL' are principallyaesthetic and are kept attached.

As a feature of advantage, the arrays of hooks h, h' are also adapted tosimilarly engage the novel coupling member (bridge 1F) used to couple asatellite unit to unit CB' (e.g., as with satellite unit SU in FIGS. 2).Further details on the preferred construction and use of hooks h, h' aregiven below.

Satellite-Coupling

FIG. 1 shows computer box CB' confronting an exemplary satelliteexpansion box SU (e.g., a like "box" having supplemental memory cards,disk units, etc.) to which it is to be coupled, mechanically, andelectrically. Workers will recognize that such expansion units SU aresometimes used to house printed circuit boards or cards (e.g., fornetworking) which may be connected to a computer CB' for memoryexpansion or other data storage (including hard disk drives, or othermeans for increased storage capacity). Other peripheral devices in thegeneral category of such external expansion units include modems,networking cards, graphics adapters, printers, and outboard disk driveswhich, as a general rule, are standalone devices which are notphysically attached to the main computer unit except by means of wiresor cables.

An external expansion unit (like SU here) may be connected to thecomputer via an external cable and/or one or more multi-pin electricalconnectors. The external expansion unit itself is a separate anddistinct unit and is not integral with the body of the computer CB';therefore, it may be inconvenient to transport both boxes (the computerand its external expansion unit) together. The use of an externalexpansion unit can thus detract from one of the primary advantages ofdesktop computers: their portability.

It is desirable that an expansion unit be connected to its host computerbox such that both may be moved together as a unit, while the expansionunit remains electrically connected, being firmly attached to the (outersurface of the) computer. For example, one might contemplate a portablepersonal computer that include optional expansion units which areelectrically connected via multi-pin connectors to their host computerbox and are physically attached to the outer surface thereof. However,with such expansion units a problem arises in that the weight of theexpansion unit places undue stress on the multi-pininter-connectors--this for lack of secure, solid means for mechanicallycoupling the two while maintaining their electricalinter-connection--when the two boxes are moved as a unit. Stress on themulti-pin connectors commonly leads to problems in passing data signalsbetween the two units. These interconnect problems are obviously veryundesirable, particularly when the expansion unit is used for add-onmemory.

One approach to solving these problems is seen in U.S. Pat. No.4,501,460 to Sisler; a related approach is seen in U.S. Pat. No.4,893,263 where the interconnect means between an expansion unit and aportable computer comprises ribs and latch means: i.e., interlocking afirst set of horizontal ribs on a mating surface of each unit, theseproviding support for the computer expansion unit and helping to relievestress on the multi-pin electrical connectors. The related latchmechanism is for releasably interlocking the two units and includes aset of hinged hooks in the expansion unit, these apt for quickconnection/disconnection from corresponding slots in the (outer surfaceof the) portable personal computer. This latch-interconnect meanssecurely holds the expansion unit against the computer, so the two maybe transported as one integral unit with less risk of stress on themulti-pin connectors. However, workers prefer to avoid latches and othermoving parts.

Thus, it is a salient object of our invention to provide interconnectmeans between a small computer (housing) and its expansion unit whichaddresses the above problems, and, particularly which allows theexpansion unit to be integrally attached (removably), while alleviatingassociated stress on the multi-pin connectors between the two "boxes"yet without moving parts. It is a further object to provide each boxwith simple hook means and to provide associate hook-engaging "one-part""bridge" means which can engage the two boxes (hook means) and together,and accommodate rapid, easy interconnection/disconnection, coupling thetwo boxes very firmly, with minimal risk of damage to the electricalinterconnects.

Now, referring to FIG. 1, desktop computer unit CB' is shown separatedfrom, but somewhat adjacent, a related satellite expansion unit SU, withone sidewall CB-w of CB' shown facing a related sidewall SU-w of unitSU. It will be understood that the two sidewalls are to be coupledtogether. A multi-pin connector ec of known type on wall CB-w will beunderstood as adapted for mating electrical connection with relatedmulti-pin connector bc on unit SU.

Workers may prefer to accommodate such engagement (abutment) of suchboxes (CB', SU) in a fashion that also couples them electrically (e.g.,power, bus lines) and thus dispenses with need for a cable or the like.To this end, the array ec of connector pins may be provided along onesidewall CB-w, with registering socket means on the confronting sidewallSU-w.

And, to facilitate proper initial alignment of the two sidewalls as wellas to guide their proper abutting placement (and pin-socketregistration), we prefer to provide locate-guide means, such as tonguest,t' on one box (e.g., SU), with associated receiving guideways tr, tron the other box, e.g., CB', FIG. 5). Thus, locator-tabs t,t' projectingfrom SU, will be seen as used for guiding wall SU-w into correctcoupling alignment with wall CB-w, being received in locate-slotstherein as known in the art. Of course, tongues t,t' may be madesufficiently rigid to help support the coupled boxes vertically, andwill also help keep them aligned laterally. Walls CB-w, SU-w will beseen as each presenting a spaced array of hooks thereon.

Now, according to a feature of this invention, the coupling member(bridge) is provided with an array of catches on each side for engagingthe hooks on sides CB-w, SU-w.

In FIGS. 6A, 6B right and left sides of coupling member ("bridge") 1Fare shown, while in FIG. 2, 1F is shown fully-inserted between CB andSU, and in FIG. 3, 1F is shown partly withdrawn from between CB and SU.Before inserting 1F (FIG. 2) it will be understood that CB and SU willhave been pushed together, side SU-w having been aligned with side CB-w,(tabs t,t' having been carefully aligned and thrust into their slots inCB-w, until connector bc mates with ec to place CB' into properelectrical contact with SU, as known in the art). That is, once box CB'is thrust into aligned-connection with box SU, bridge 1F may then beinserted between them, being thrust fully-down between CB' and SU (as inFIGS. 2,3)--its projecting pillars p on each side (see FIGS. 6A, 6B)sliding down along respective vertical slots along the confrontingbox-face (e.g., see slots sl on face CB-w between hook-ridge guides cbrin FIG. 5, 5C). Bridge 1F is then thrust a bit sidewise (so its catchesengage receiving hooks on sides CB-w, SU-w as detailed below.)

Unit SU may then be considered securely, yet removably, attached tocomputer CB' via bridge 1F, mechanically and electrically--according tothis invention feature. The resultant inter-engagement of CB' to SU willbe seen as so surprisingly firm and secure that the composite assembly(CB-1F-SU) may be lifted securely and easily moved about as an integralunit, without risk of accidental disengagement, or of damage to CB, toSU or to their now-mated connectors ec, bc.

Note: both faces of CB are preferably so fitted with hooks h, so asatellite unit may be so attached on either, or both, sides of CB. And,advantageously, the hooks h,h' can also be used to engage side-covers asindicated in FIGS. 4, 5A, 5B. Such hooks are easy to provide on thesides of CB and on the sides of satellite units. They provide retentiveforce spread wide across the faces of the so-coupled boxes. Yet socoupling satellites merely requires the insertion of the bridgetherebetween--with no need for latches locks, actuators or other suchmoving parts, just a passive, one-piece interconnect. As below noted, alarge number of retainer catches, and complementary hooks, arepreferably used--dispersed widely across the length and height of eachcoupling-face, to thus spread-out and reduce the needed coupling forces.

That is, according to this feature, one can thus couple such units viaour novel interface-bridge 1F which need merely be slid-in between thefacing units--and which removably intercouples them so well that unitscan then be picked up as one entity and carried off without incident.This bridge 1F is detailed in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 7 (cf. its "right" sideis shown in FIG. 6A, and its "left" side in FIG. 6B, in perspective, andenlarged elevation in both--with catch elements symmetrical on eachside, but laterally offset).

It will be noted that each box CB SU, etc. to be so coupled exhibits aside (at least one) with similar array of hooks h, h' for so-engagingbridge 1F (as well as covers CB-s, as in FIG. 2).

Thus, each side (face) of bridge 1F may be considered as presenting anumber (here three) of like, coplanar pillars p separated by liketroughs (or furrows, fu) where the catches are placed--with the pillarson one face serving, on their reverse side, to form the furrows, fu onthe opposing face (all the same width). Thus, consider FIG. 6B showingthe left face of bridge 1F where pillars p-1, p-3, p-5 are interspersedby furrows fu-2, fu-4, fu-6, each furrow having a like column of catchesic spaced identically therealong. Compare the right face of this bridge1F in FIG. 6A, where pillars p-2, p-4, p-6 form the backside of furrowsfu-2, fu-4, fu-6 (in FIG. 6B). And, like "left-furrows" fu-2, fu-4,fu-6, the "right-furrows" fu-1, fu-3, fu-5 (FIG. 6A) also each have alike column of catches cc spaced therealong. FIG. 6A is shown in sideelevation as FIG. 6AA; similarly FIG. 6B is shown in side elevation inFIG. 6BB.

The array of catches along each such furrow is identical, with catchstructure identical but alternately, inverted: "up/down/up/down"; thatis, each furrow has a down-catch at the top, then an up-catch below,then another down-catch below that, then an up-catch at the bottom.Thus, for instance in furrow fu-1 (FIG. 6A), we have down-catch cc-10,up-catch cc-20, down-catch cc-10', then up-catch cc-20'. Each such catchwill be understood in positioned and configured to engage an associatedhook on the side of a box (e.g., cc-10 to engage some up-hook, cc-20 toengage the adjacent down-hook).

Similarly, for bridge 1F, the array of catches ic on the left facethereof are arranged to engage a like complementary array of hooks onside CB-w of box CB, while similarly the array of catches cc on theright face of 1F are arranged to engage a like complementary array ofhooks on side SU-w of box SU. As seen in FIGS. 6A, 6B, all catches ic,ccare identical in structure, being L-shaped so that when deployed theyform a U-shaped catchment into which can fit a like, upside-down,U-shaped mating catchment h on the box wall.

As a note of construction convenience, it will be seen that the U-shapedhooks/catches (h on CB-w, h' on SU-w, and ic, cc on bridge 1F) all"cover a hole" in the wall-area subtended by them--this is optional anda mere matter of manufacturing convenience (in the course of molding therespective panels from plastic, as artisans will understand).

Thus, in FIG. 5 for instance, side CB-w' of box CB' is observed topresent three columns (pillars pp, each with four hooks h) and four rowsof like hooks h, these alternating up/down/up/down along their pillar tocomplement the catches on 1F, and equi-spaced to engage catches ic onthe left face of 1F (FIG. 6B). This 3×4 pattern is repeated on all boxsides (to be coupled) as well as on the opposed sides of bridge 1F, ofcourse. Thus, hooks h will be oppositely-configured from catches ic,i.e., a top row of identically spaced "up-hooks" for "down-catches"ic-10, ic-12 ic-14 (FIG. 6B); under that is a like row of "down-hooks"for engaging "up-catches" ic-20, ic-22, ic-24; then another row ofup-hooks for engaging ic-10', ic-12', ic-14', then a bottom-row ofdown-hooks to engage ic-20', ic-22,' ic-24'. (Of course, one couldreverse the order of up/down catches--the catches will be understood asso "alternated up/down" to better resist shear and excess flexing, onceengaged.)

A like coplanar array of like hooks h' is presented, on the facingsidewall SU-w FIG. 1 of companion box SU, but offset from those onCB-w'. Thus, when side SU-w is juxtaposed with side CB-w', these hookswill be each disposed in offset relation with a like hook h on wallCB-w. The inner surface of each hook h,h' is projected a prescribeduniform spacing c-d from its base on the wall.

The interface-couple means ("bridge" 1F) is introduced between CB' SU,once CB-w is abutted in alignment vs. SU-w. Bridge 1F is adapted to beshifted sidewise (see arrow - FIG. 6A) so that it engages hooks h, h'with its own respective catches cc,ic--to thus removably couple theboxes CB', SU'. Bridge 1F is constructed to do just this, presenting, oneach of its two sides the aforedescribed like, offset columns ofcatches, ic,cc (these offset horizontally). Thus, the catches on eachside of 1F are arranged and disposed to engage a respective array ofbox-hooks, with each catch oppositely-configured from its facingbox-hook (e.g., an up-catch ic is to engage a down-hook h on box CB').

More particularly, on one side of bridge 1F, (cf. FIG. 6B), a top row of"down-catches" ic-10, ic-12, etc. is presented so that each canremovably interfit with the top row of up-hooks on a given firstsidewall (e.g., hooks h on CB-w, FIGS. 1,5), these being coordinatelyconfigured to engage catches ic on 1F. Likewise, the top row of catchescc-10, cc-12, cc-14 on the opposite face of 1F are offset from catchesic, and arranged to engage up-hooks h' (top row) on side SU-w. Asaforesaid, the catches on one face of 1F are identical in structure andvertical placement with those on the other face, but are offsetlaterally (e.g., to minimize width of 1F, and couple CB' closer to SU).

FIGS. 1,3 indicate the coupling-abutment of box CB' with SU, with bridge1F shown partly-inserted in FIG. 3 (after completing the insertion of1F, then a lateral sliding thereof will so engage its catches with thehooks of SU and CB'--this being understood as completing its couplingaction, as indicated schematically in FIG. 2). The leading edge of thecatches is preferably chamfered to help ease engagement with theirhooks, as artisans will appreciate (e.g., see 58 on ic in FIG. 6BB; ccin FIG. 6AA for 15° chamfer).

When bridge 1F is to be inserted between boxes CB', SU (sides CB-w, SU-wthereof), the boxes will have been brought adjacent in alignment (cf.tongues t,t' on SU aligned with receiving slots in wall CB-w; thenpartly inserted to let the end-bevels on the tip of the tongues give"fine-alignment") so that the electrical pin-connectors are placed inmating alignment; then, further thrust of CB vs. SU completes theconnector-mating and places reference edges of the boxes in abutment(e.g., note FIGS. 1, 3, 7, wall CB-w being set back along the rest ofits length to accommodate insertion of bridge 1F). The (plastic) catchesand hooks may bend slightly. (cf. hook-to-catch gap is preferably about20±5 mils; not a "friction fit".)

When bridge 1F is then initially inserted between CB', and SU (into this"setback" as shown in FIGS. 3, 7) its pillars p fit into the spaces(e.g., sl, FIG. 5) between hook-columns on each sidewall, and are guidedalong a respective rib on the respective sidewall (e.g., see guide-ribscbr on sidewall CB-w, FIG. 5, and like ribs SU-r on sidewall Su-w, FIG.1; e.g., "left-pillars" p-1, p-3, p-5 fit into spaces sl between hookcolumns of sidewall CB-w; and "right-pillars" p-2, p-4, p-6 fit betweencolumns of hooks on sidewall SU-w). 1F is driven down until it bottoms(e.g., on switch-foot s-f, see FIG. 6A, described below). Registry of apillar p vs. a guide-rib will be seen as helping to guide bridge 1F asit is moved up or down.

Then, bridge 1F is shifted sidewise (e.g., see arrow in FIG. 6A), toengage hooks h, h' on the respective sidewalls with a respectiveadjacent facing catch on 1F,--1F is driven sidewise--until these hooksand catches are fully engaged. The boxes CB', SU are now removablyintercoupled as one structure.

As a preferred refinement, at least one (preferably both) of the facingbox edges, on top and in the rear, are cut-out to provide a "step" justsufficient to receive an associated (top, side) flange of bridge 1F andthus form a smooth coplanar surface across the two boxes and theintervening bridge. Thus a pair of top flanges tf,tf' (e.g., see inFIGS. 6A, 6B) are provided, to be received snugly in a respective "step"formed along the top edge of boxes CB,CB' and SU (e.g., see steps rs, lson CB', FIG. 5; similar step SU-s on box SU, see FIG. 1). Flanges tf,tf'also provide a "stop" limiting down-insertion of 1F. Similar steps areprovided along the rear edges of box CB' (e.g., see rss, FIG. 5) and SU,these each being adapted to receive a respective part of rear flangei-ff of bridge 1F (e.g., see iff in FIGS. 6A, 6B); these also serving tolimit the sidewise hook/catch-engaging movement of bridge 1F.

Couple 1F will be seen as thus constructed to have a sinuouscross-section (see top sectional view, FIG. 7 along section lines H--Hof FIG. 6AA) with like, like-spaced, like-width vertical pillars p onopposing sides; these forming furrows on their opposite side, and with avertical column of catches disposed along one vertical-edge of each suchfurrow, the other vertical edge thereof being used, preferably, toengage, and "follow", a respective vertical guide-rib on the engagingbox-face CB-w' SU-w. (See ribs CB-r on CB-w', SU-r on SU-w, FIGS. 1,5).

Catches ic,cc (FIGS. 6A, 6B, 7) will thus be seen as projected out froma respective edge of their "raised-pillar" p and in staggered relation.(E.g., in FIGS. 7, 6A each right-side vertical row of catches cc isviewed on the "left" edge of pillars p-2, p-4, while left-side catchesic (FIGS. 6B, 7) are on the "right" edge of pillars p-1, p-3, p-5). The"other edges of these pillars p will serve as "guides", engaging ribsCB-r or SU-r on respective faces CB-w', SU-w (each vertical column ofhooks h on face CB-w' is aligned along a given side of a respective ribCB-r', while similarly, each column of hooks h' on face SU-w is alignedalong the opposite side of a respective one of ribs SU-r thereon--theseribs thus engaging a respective "catch-less" pillar-edge on 1F when 1Fis inserted/withdrawn. The (uniform) spacing of catches on the rightside of 1F (FIG. 6A) and the (uniform) width of associatedbridge-troughs (recesses) fu will be understood as accommodating (roomfor) the vertical rows of hooks h' on face SU-w during 1F-insertion,while the opposing troughs fu and their associated pillars on the leftside of 1F (FIG. 6B) will similarly accommodate their respective columnsof hooks h on face CB-w.

Thus, these catch-including troughs on 1F also serve to provide guidingcolumn-edges, being positioned during insertion to oppose respectivevertical stacks of hooks, with the catchless side of each troughengaging a respective rib on the facing box-side.

As a feature hereof, these pillars have substantial length (e.g., mostof box height) and width, and will lie in contact with the surface of abox-wall, when inserted,--and so give excellent stability and resistanceto vertical or horizontal rotation of the box. And, the sinuousconfiguration of the bridge itself reinforces this.

And, the placement of catches ic,cc on bridge 1F is such that, when 1Fis fully-inserted down between CB', SU (FIG. 1), each catch on 1F willbe operatively adjacent a respective receiving-hook on CB-w' or SU-w, sothese catches/hooks will smoothly, slideingly engage when 1F is shiftedsidewise (chamfer on leading edges preferably provided to ease theinitial engagement--assume here that each catch-hook to be so engagedwill be "oppositely-configured", with an up-catch facing alike-dimensioned down-catch, as workers will understand").

Operation

In summary, the inter-coupling of boxes CB,SU is preferably done bysimply:

1. aligning sidewalls CB-w, SU-w so that tongues t,t' on SU registerwith their receptacles r,r in CB; then sliding CB-SU together intoabutment (projection CB-f, abut SU-w, FIGS. 1, 3, 3A, 7), with theconnectors ec,bc thereby fully-engaged;

2. then aligning bridge 1F so its leading edge 1F-1e (FIGS. 6A, 7) witharrows AE (FIGS. 2,3), and so its pillars p, on each side, align withthe spaces sl between hook-pillars, and so pillar edges register vs.guide ribs on CB-w, SU-w,--then pushing 1F down into the interspace,with pillar-edges 1F-c, 1F-c' guided by guide rails CB-r, SU-r to"bottom", with top-flanges t,t' of 1F fitting into respective receivingbox "steps" rs, SU-s, and so to smoothly fully-close the top of theinter-box gap (e.g., so top flanges tf,tf' become flush with box tops3,3', FIG. 2);

3. then, shifting bridge 1F sidewise a bit (e.g., 0.6" to left in FIG.3)--sufficient to slide the chamfered leading-edges of its catches pasttheir engaging box-hooks (cc vs. h, ic vs. h') and thus seat skirt 1F-fto be coplanar with the rear sides of boxes CB, SU (1F finally "seated"into steps on top and in front of CB', SU),--whereupon the tab on handle1F-h will "click home" and beveled detent foot s-f (FIG. 6A) willdepress its switch CB-SE' sufficient to indicate "proper coupling" tothe control system in CB.

In removing bridge 1F, it is slid (right-ward) to bottom vs. ribs CB-r,SU-r, clearing its catches from their hooks,--and then it is lifted up,and out.

Of course, this firm mechanical engagement provided by bridge 1F helpsto maintain the associated electrical inter-connection (e.g., vs.accidental dislodgement, or separation of boxes)--yet disengagement issimple, quick and easy too--i.e., one simply pushes 1F slightlysidewise, to disengage all catches (i.e., to right in FIG. 2) untilhooks and catches are disengaged, and column-edges on 1F engage the ribsCB-r, SU-r of confronting box-faces--and then one raises 1F andwithdraws it from the inter-space.

Boxes CB, SU may now be gently separated, disengaging connectors ec/bcand tongues t,t' from their receiving slots.

CONCLUSION

In summary, it can be seen that the present invention provides animproved bridge mechanism which facilitates theinterconnection/disengagement of modular boxes, alleviating problemsassociated with engaging related multi-pin connectors, and facilitatingbox-coupling to accommodate provision of a multi-module computer system.

While the above describes how to make and use certain inventionembodiments, various alternative constructions and techniques may beemployed without departing from the true spirit and scope of theinvention as here claimed.

For example, the bridge 1F, which is shown coupling a "left" wall of boxSU (FIG. 1) to the "right" wall of box CB could equally well be used tocouple the "left" wall of box CB with the "right" wall of another suchmodular box.

Additionally, the camming surfaces (e.g., hooks/catches) may be flat orcurved; they may exhibit a cam bevel of any suitable angle orconstruction, the particular angle depending on the leverage desired.

Moreover, while four rows and three columns of hooks/catches aredisclosed, other arrangements are possible (e.g., more or fewerrows/columns). Generally, the forces should be distributed widely acrossthe so-coupled walls. In certain cases, one may have more hooks/catches(columns thereof), or fewer. The spaced catch-lands (on bridge-faces)are interleaved from side to side preferably, and should projectsufficiently toward their respective box-face to position the catchesthereon for engaging respective hooks.

Workers will appreciate how aptly such a bridge structure and relatedmeans are combined to inter-couple such boxes securely--e.g., forcoupling desktop computers with satellite units and the like. Inparticular, it will be appreciated that such "bridge-coupling means" canbe used to improve the secure connection of such--something workers inthe art will applaud. Workers will also appreciate that such couplingmeans may be used to inter-connect other similar boxes in relatedenvironments.

It will be understood that the preferred embodiments described hereinare only exemplary, and that the invention is capable of maymodifications and variations in construction, arrangement and usewithout departing from the spirit of this invention.

Further modifications of the invention are also possible. For example,the means and methods disclosed herein are also applicable to stable,secure positioning-engagement of other computer modules and relatedexpansion units in similar systems and environments. For instance,related embodiments may also be employed to connect two expansion unitsto one another and/or to a common control box, as workers willappreciate.

And, workers will understand that a satellite unit may, according tothis invention, be place at various locations with respect to thecomputer unit; without need to couple the satellite unit out anyparticular surface of the computer. Also, several satellite units mayuse a subject interlocking bridge means to intercouple any number ofboxes.

The above examples of possible variations of the present invention aremerely illustrative. While variations in these various embodiments maynot, each, yield all the mentioned advantages, certain features may loommore important than others depending on the application. Accordingly,this invention is to be considered as including all possiblemodifications and variations coming within the scope of the appendedclaims, and to be limited only by these claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. In a system having first and second modules, eachmodule having at least one coupling-face the combination therewith of athin planar one-piece coupling structure for effecting removableengagement of the modules by removably inter-coupling said modules, eachsaid coupling face being arranged to exhibit an array of engagementmeans carried thereon; said coupling structure having opposed like firstand second engagement surfaces, each said surface presenting an array ofcoupling means for each engaging said engagement means, said couplemeans being configured to be conjunctively thrust engagingly toward theengagement means for conjunctive removable coupling therewith when saidcoupling faces are presented in parallel, registered confronting spacedrelation in registry and coupled, so that, with said coupling structureinserted in registry between said confronting module faces, a, slight,lateral thrust of the structure can intercouple the modules.
 2. In asystem having like first and second modules with cooperating couplemeans disposed along respective first and second walls thereof, animproved coupling arrangement for effecting easyengagement-disengagement of the modules, this arrangement comprising:aplurality of like regularly-spaced coupling means carried on each saidwall and deployed therein in respective first and secondcoupling-patterns; thin, one-piece planar bridge means, having likeopposing couple-faces, these faces each exhibiting a prescribed firstand second pattern of engagement means, each deployed to correspond to arespective coupling member and configured to interfit, removably,therewith when diposed operatively adjacent thereto, and when saidbridge means is shifted slightly in a prescribed coupling-direction,said first coupling pattern corresponding to said first engagementpattern, said second engagement pattern corresponding to said secondcoupling pattern.
 3. An arrangement comprising a base housing for anelectrical control unit adapted to be removably attached to one or morelike related satellite housings, said base housing being characterizedby one or more like outer attachment faces, each said attachment-faceincluding first attachment means dispersed across the length breadth ofthe face; each said satellite housing having one or more couple-faces,each said couple-face matching said attachment-faces and including otherattachment means dispersed across the length and breadth of the faceand, in combination therewith, thin, planar bridge means having a pairof opposed like first and second join-sides, each join side matching arespective said attachment means when a said attachment face is broughtconfrontingly, operatively adjacent and aligned with a said couple-face,being coplanar and separated by a prescribed gap; with said couplingmeans introduced into said gap to bridge it and be removably joined withboth said confronting faces.
 4. A connection arrangement for removablyconnecting a prescribed base machine unit and one or more associated,like satellite machine units, each unit having at least one join-face,this arrangement comprising:bridge-coupling means comprising a thin,planar structure presenting a pair of opposed like couple-sides, eachside having coupling means; said base machine unit and said satelliteunit, each having at last one join-face characterized by attachmentmeans thereon; each attachment being disposed to correspond with arespective one of said coupling when join-faces of said base unit andsatellite unit are located in closely-opposed relation to one another,being coplanar, aligned and separated by a prescribed gap, saidbridge-coupling means being adapted to be removably engaged with bothconfronting join-faces via said respective coupling means engaging saidattachment means.
 5. An arrangement for coupling one machine module toanother like module, this arrangement comprising a thin planar one-piececoupling structure separate from said modules and exhibiting a pair oflike planar opposed coupling faces, each said face having couplingmeans; at least one join-face of each said module being provided withattachment means, each attachment means being positioned to behorizontally-, removably-engaged with respective coupling means on asaid coupling face, by relative horizontal movement.
 6. The arrangementof claim 5, wherein said attachment means is constructed to be thecomplementing opposite of respective couple means.
 7. A method ofarranging related machine modules to be conveniently, simply, removablyinter-coupled, this method comprising:providing a thin, planar,one-piece coupling structure, separate from said modules and removablyattachable thereto, while also exhibiting a pair of like planar opposedcoupling faces, each said face having couple means disposed on thereon;providing at least one join-face on each said module with attachingmeans, being positioned and configured to be removably-engaged withcouple means on a said coupling face.
 8. The method of claim 7 whereineach said attaching means is constructed to be the complementingopposite of its respective couple means.
 9. The method of claim 8wherein each column of attaching means comprises like alternatingdown-facing/up-facing structures.
 10. The method of claim 7, wherein atleast one of said join-faces includes switch means; and wherein a bottomfoot portion of said structure is adapted and disposed to actuate saidswitch means when said coupling structure is inserted.
 11. Thearrangement of claim 7, wherein at least some of said attaching-columnsare provided with thin elongate rib means disposed adjacent thereto andadapted for guiding engagement of said bridge means.
 12. The arrangementof claim 8, wherein said couple-columns are deployed on a respectivepillar projection adapted to fit between attaching-columns and toguidingly engage said rib means.
 13. The arrangement of claim 2, whereineach said attaching member is constructed to be the complementingopposite of its respective engaging couple member.
 14. The arrangementof claim 2, wherein at least one of said walls includes switch means;and wherein a bottom foot portion of said bridge means is arranged toactuate said switch means when said bridge means is fully engaged.
 15. Amethod of arranging related machine modules to be removalbyinter-coupled, these modules having cooperating pin and socket connectormeans disposed along respective first and second walls thereof, thismethod comprising:providing engaging means carried on each said wall;and providing a thin, one piece planar bridge means, having likeopposing couple-faces, these faces each being made to exhibit aprescribed first and second couple means being deployed to correspond toa respective engaging member and configured to interfit, removably,therewith when disposed operatively adjacent thereto, and when saidbridge means is shifted slightly in a prescribed coupling-direction. 16.The method of claim 15 wherein said engaging members are deployed acrossa said wall in columns uniformly spaced across the width of the wall,and wherein said couple members are similarly deployed in like-spacedcolumns across their coupling face, these facing wall/coupling faces tobe disposed relatively parallel for inter-engagement.
 17. The method ofclaim 16, wherein the couple means on one coupling face of said bridgemeans are deployed to be offset laterally a prescribed spacing from theengaging member on a facing wall so as to be slid-down therebetween andthen slid transversely, to engage corresponding engaging and couplemeans.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein at least some of saidengaging are provided with thin elonate rib means disposed adjacentthereto and adapted for guiding engagement of said coupling bridgemeans.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein each said engaging means isconstructed to be the complementing engageable opposite of respectivecouple means.